GRUPPO NAZIONALE PER LA DIFESA DAI
TERREMOTI
FRAMEWORK PROGRAM 2000-2002
COORDINATE PROJECT PROPOSAL
REVISION
OF THE THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL GROUNDS OF HAZARD ESTIMATES AT NATIONAL
SCALE
SCIENTIFIC COORDINATOR
Gasperini Paolo
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Bologna
Viale Berti Pichat, 8 - 40127 Bologna
Tel:0512095024
Fax:0512095058
e-mail:paolo@ibogfs.df.unibo.it
RE-PROPOSITION OF THE PROJECT FOR A BIANNUAL DURATION, ACCORDING TO REFEREE EVALUATIONS
The present re-proposition has been formulated on the basis of the clear
comments of the referees indicating the macroseismics as the main investigation
topic that deserves to be continued. As they also suggested the integration
with the Amato's Project, as soon as the evaluation results has been
communicated, the Coordinator of the present project contacted Alessandro Amato
in order to know his willingness to collaborate and to integrate the two
projects. However due lack of time, also related to the Easter holidays, there
were not the possibility to come to a general agreement which formally
integrates the two project. However we want to express our intention to proceed
toward a strict cooperation and integration in the future.
As the uncertainties on the available budget make rather hard a univocal formulation of the project, we prepared a "stratified" proposal that is structured in such a way to allow three different levels of approval and consequently of funding. In this framework the project must be seen as a unique container including research topics with different priority. At the minimal level we have mainly the macroseismic investigations, that were considered with priority by the Commission. At the second level there are investigations on different topics, already started off during the first year but not considered with priority by the Commission, and at the third one investigations, originally proposed by this project and not started off in first year, that could be carried on only in strict cooperation with the Amato's project. In re-proposing activities in fields different from macroseismics, we tried to interpret the spirit of the guide-line, recently emerged inside GNDT, that is to fill the gaps in topics of Theme 1 of the Framework Project 2000/2002, not covered by the approved projects (see the recent call for proposals in the field of the evaluation of the vulnerability at a national scale).
Among the researches carried out in the first year of our project that certainly are superimposed with corresponding topics of the Amato's Project, there are Task 3 (Seismogenic model), Task 6A (Seismic velocity tomography), Task 6B (Seismic phases attenuation tomography), Task 7 (Focal mechanisms) and Task 9 (Geodetic measurements). Among them, the former three are almost exactly coincident with corresponding activities of the Amato's Project, while both the focal mechanisms and the geodetic measurements are widely complementary. In particular for the focal mechanisms, only the part concerning the regional CMT mechanisms has been recently and only partially integrated in the Amato's project (but without funding) while for the geodetic measurements our project follows a very different approach with respect to Amato's one.
We will recall here the main results we have obtained in these latter two tasks, and the differences in the approach between the Amato's Project and our one, in order to furnish to the Commission a starting point to evaluate the proposed activities.
Concerning the focal mechanisms, in the first year of the project we collected most of the focal plane solutions available in the literature, for Italy and surrounding regions, and included them in a MS-ACCESS database after the checking of their correctness. Presently the database includes more than 5000 focal solutions, excluding the Harvard CMT catalog and the Regional CMT (RCMT) catalogs compiled by INGV and ETH. On this topics we recently submitted, to an international journal, two papers. The first one describes the MS-ACCESS application allowing to acquire and select the revised mechanisms (Vannucci & Gasperini, 2002) while the second one presents the library of Fortran procedures we have used to check the mechanisms (Gasperini & Vannucci, 2002). In the ambit of the same Task, this project also partially supported the activity of the INGV Working Group on Regional CMT mechanisms that recently published (Pondrelli et al., 2002) and made at public disposition on the web site of INGV all the solutions computed from 1997 to present. We propose here to continue to financially "feed" these initiatives that represent important tools for any seismotectonic analysis and that, for their nature, continue in time as open-files, ready to include any new paper or seismic event respectively.
Concerning the geodetic measurements, we remind that, while the Amato's Project proposed a "reoccupation", using GPS techniques, of the sites of the historical network of the Italian Military Geographical Institute (IGM), in order to evaluate the deformations with respect to the measurements made starting from the end of XIX century, we proposed instead the design of a "new" network, more specifically oriented to the characteristics of modern satellite measurements and specifically finalized to the measure of interseismic deformation. Note that in the original formulation of our project we clearly indicated the reasons of such a choice and of our decision to "abandon" in most cases the IGM sites. Such arguments regard the difficulty to verify the coincidence of the presently known IGM vertex with the historical ones; the scarce accessibility of the IGM benchmarks due to the requirement, common to all old triangulation networks, to have sites in reciprocal optical view; the inadequacy of the geometrical structure of the network that was originally designed for cartographic framing and not for the evaluation of seismic deformation. Our arguments also concern more generally the uncertainties of the XIX and XX centuries measurements with respect to the expected deformation rates (some mm/year) and the relative scale of classical and satellite measurements. In light of these considerations we proposed a network of semi-permanent stations (not continuously equipped with GPS receivers but with logistic supplies allowing long unattended measurements campaigns) located on the basis of precise criteria (shape of the network, distance from the seismic sources, choice of geologically stable sites, etc.) and specifically oriented to the reliable measure of inter-seismic deformation. On this topic, in the first year of activity of the project, we established the criteria to choose the sites as and we actually installed 3 new stations in southern and central Italy. It is obvious that the activities on this topic are subordinate to the acceptance by the Commission of the above considerations. Otherwise the entire task would be dropped.
A task that does not present almost any superposition with the Amato's Project is Task 5 (Statistics of seismic sources and catalog completeness) as such project has chosen a priori the "seismic gap" as preferred seismic occurrence model. Although such Task was formally started, it has not really been active in the first year. In our opinion this Tasks represents a mandatory step to formulate a reliable seismic hazard model. We must also consider that recently a new Instrumental Catalog of Italian Earthquakes (CSTI) has been made available (CSTI Working Group, 2001), which publication was partially supported by our project, and which data had not been adequately analyzed yet.
Concerning the tasks not activated in the first year of the project, Task 1 (Historical seismic catalog) appears, at a first glance, to almost completely fulfill the referee recommendations, as it regards investigations essentially based on macroseismic data. However, due to the strong financial effort requested at the time of first proposition, we do not believe that its full re-proposition, even if possible, is fully suitable and really matches the spirit of the issues of the Commission. Anyhow, in particular Task 1A, regarding the continuation of the already started process of unification and standardization of the Italian historical catalog, owns several interesting aspects for hazard assessments and is strictly linked to other activities of this project (Task 5 and 6C). This unification process, started up in early 1997, brought to the publication of the Parametric Catalog of Italian Earthquakes (CPTI) (CPTI Working Group, 1999). Such catalog, resulting from the merging of previous NT and CFTI, is presently the main reference dataset for hazard assessment. We must recall that authors of CPTI originally planned the issuing of a second release, where the integration of the two parents catalog would be extended to the felt report data (not included in CPTI), and of a third release where all the patrimony of available information would be merged and integrated. Unfortunately the abandon of this Task, according to the referee comments, prevented the completion of this plan. These activities however do not completely ceased and at this moment we are still working to an integration of the catalog for the period from 1980 to 1997, on the basis of the new data of the INGV macroseismic Bulletin and of the revised instrumental data coming from CSTI. Hence in the following, we will request the priority reactivation, but with reduced founding, of Task 1A. This will also include the developments of the technique presently used (Gasperini et al., 1999) to parametrize the historical earthquakes on the basis of the macroseismic data.
A last activity that we re-propose, even if with less priority with respect to the previous ones, concerns a topic originally included in Task 2 (Instrumental seismic catalog). This Task, not formally activated in the first year of the project, is fully superimposed with activities of the Amato's Project. Our re-proposition is originated by the lack of significant improvements, as explicitly admitted in the first year report of the Amato's Project, with respect to the former state of the art (the above mentioned CSTI). This failure can be addressed in part, to a delay in the publication of CSTI itself, that has been officially delivered to the Amato's Project in March 2001 (but not in June of same year as erroneously reported on the annual report of the Amato's Project). Certainly the resign from the Amato's project of the responsible (personally confirmed by Rita Digiovambattista to the Coordinator of the present project) also contributed to this reduced productivity. On this topic we foretell it is possible a strict integration among the two project. Our role could be in particular to attend to the revision of the local magnitudes with special regard to the periods after 1996 and before 1981, when we have observed biases in the estimates (Lolli and Gasperini, 2002).
From the administrative point of view, the participants to the present project will be subdivided in two Research Units: one at the Dipartimento di Fisica of the University of Bologna (Responsible: Paolo Gasperini) and another one at the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia of Rome (Responsible: Marco Anzidei). The latter will include only the researchers belonging to INGV that are related to Task 9A (Geodetic Measurements) and will be activated only if the Commission will approve such task. All other researchers, including the INGV ones not involved in Task 9A, will be included in the Bologna Research Unit that, in case, will arrange sub contracts with other INGV sections and with the private research company SGA.
Task 1, HISTORICAL SEISMIC CATALOG (Responsible: Gasperini, Collaborators: Albarello, Bernardini, Camassi, Carletti, Castelli, Ercolani, Lolli, Monachesi, Vannucci and SGA Working Group)
As already noted above, this Task was originally proposed to continue the process of unification of the Italian historical seismic catalogue started up in early 1997 and that brought to the publication of the Parametric Catalog of Italian Earthquakes (CPTI Working Group, 1999). Most of the investigators involved in this Task also participated to such unification process and were authors of the CPTI. Although the original motivations of the project are still valid, for reasons of budget, we decided to not re-propose the original program of this Task and to limit our activity to more restricted objectives. We thus decided to only propose the update of the catalog for the most recent period (from 1964 to 1992) and its prolongation up to 1997. Hence, the proposed activities on this topic will include:
i) The update the list of significant earthquakes (M>4.0) from 1964 to 1997 on the basis of the revised instrumental catalog (CSTI).
ii) Revision of the data of the Macroseismic Bulletin of the INGV from 1964 to 1997.
iii) The re-computation of macroseismic parameters of earthquakes from 1964 to 1997 on the basis of the INGV Macroseismic Bulletin.
iv) The publication of the update on the WEB.
In this Task we also propose some propaedeutical investigations, to be carried on in collaboration with the research company SGA, regarding the development of the code Boxer (Gasperini et al., 1999) used to estimate the parameters of historical earthquakes. We also will approach, still in collaboration with the research company SGA, the problem of objective evaluation of seismic intensity by the "Fuzzy sets" algorithm already applied in the past to the earthquakes of 1919 in Mugello and 1920 in Garfagnana (Ferrari et al., 1995, Vannucci et al., 1999). The results will be compared with standard estimates in order to verify the real decisional procedures followed by macroseismic experts. In particular we propose:
i) The improvement of the Boxer using the bilinear attenuation law proposed by Gasperini (2001).
ii) The development of new methods to compute epicenter for offshore earthquakes.
iii) The development of robust techniques to estimate the source depth.
iv) The application of the Fuzzy algorithm to some strong Italian earthquakes.
To perform such investigations we request the activation of a two-year research grant for a temporary position attending this topics part-time, as some of the participants are not financially supported for the entire duration of the project. Special funds are also requested (under voice "external services") to allow the participation of the private research company SGA (Storia Geofisica Ambiente, Bologna). The requested funds are also required to cover expenses for consumable materials, computing (one PC), publication and participation to scientific meetings. The expected products are:
§ Preliminary update of the CPTI for the period from 1964 to 1997 on the basis of the current computational methods.
§ New release of the Boxer code to compute location magnitude and orientation of seismic sources from macroseismic data.
§ Application of the Fuzzy Set algorithm to evaluate the intensities of the 1930 Irpinia earthquake
II Year
§ Definitive update of the CPTI for the period from 1964 to 1997 on the basis of upgraded methods.
§ New release of the Boxer code including offshore location and depth computation.
§ Application of the fuzzy set evaluation to at least other 3 strong earthquakes of the XX century.
Category |
I
year(Euro) |
II
year (Euro) |
|
Durable material |
2500 |
|
|
Consumables and other general costs |
3000 |
3000 |
|
Travel and subsistence |
2000 |
2000 |
|
Contracts and/or fellowships |
7500 |
7500 |
|
Meetings and Congresses |
|
|
|
External services |
15000 |
15000 |
|
Publications |
|
2500 |
|
Other costs |
|
|
|
Total |
30000 |
30000 |
Task 6C, INTENSITY TOMOGRAPHY AND SITE EFFECTS
(Responsible: Gasperini, Collaborators: Albarello, Bernardini, Camassi,
Carletti, Ercolani, Lolli, Mucciarelli, Vannucci)
In the first year of the project we have completed the first phase of
this task, presently submitted for publication on an international journal
(Carletti & Gasperini, 2002), consisting in the imaging of the lateral
variations intensity attenuation coefficients of the bilinear law proposed by
Gasperini (2001). We have verified by checkerboard and restore tests the
ability of the macroseismic data set (about 20000 intensity observations) to
reliably constrain the lateral variation of the intensity attenuation
coefficients. The analysis of the empirical locality residuals has shown a
clear reduction of the sizes and a more uniform spatial distribution with
respect to an isotropic attenuation function. Moreover we found that the areas
with highest attenuation in the near-field (D<45 km) almost exactly
correspond to the ones where the heat-flow is also highest (Tyrrhenian slope of
northern Apennines and volcanic areas of Campi Flegrei and Mt. Etna). This
analysis suggested some improvement and refinement that we propose to carry out
in the next two years, within the present task. We also include in this task
the continuation of a study, already started up in the first year (Boccaletti
et at., 2001), in which we have developed an original method to map the lateral
variation of macroseismic intensity inside urban centers for which detailed
technical reports on the effects induced by relatively recent earthquakes are
available (i.e. Florence for the 1895 earthquakes).
Hence the proposed investigations for the two-year program include:
i) The detailed comparison of locality empirical residual with the lithological and topographical characteristics of sites in order to verify whether they are actually linked to specific local properties of the sites rather than to the uncertainties in the determination of intensity.
ii) Introduction of the seismic source spatial orientation in the bilinear attenuation equation in order to make more realistic and precise the computation of distances. This can be done both using the Boxer technique (Gasperini et al., 1999) or computing, simultaneously to the tomographic inversion, the orientation of sources that minimize the equation residuals.
iii) Extension of the intensity dataset by the inclusion of the new data coming from the INGV macroseismic Bulletin of years 1993 to 1997.
iv) Continuation of the study (Boccaletti et at., 2001) on the lateral variations of intensity felt in the historical center of Florence on occasion of the 1895, Impruneta earthquakes and comparison with results of 1D simulation of ground motion and with soil amplification measures
v) Application of the methods to other historical centers (i. e. Bologna for the 1929 earthquake).
To complete such investigations we request the activation of a two-year research grant to support a temporary position attending this topics full-time as, even in this case, some of the participants are not financially supported for the entire duration of the project. The requested funds also concern expenses for consumable materials, computing (one PC), publication and participation to scientific meetings.
The investigations on the above listed points will proceed mainly in
parallel during the two years of the project. However point iii) will be
completed in the first months of the first year as well as the first results of
points ii) and iv) will be available at the end of fist year. The expected
products are:
I Year
§
Database of the
lithological and topographical characteristics of the localities having felt
reports for more than 10 different earthquakes, basing on the data used for the
first tomographic inversion presently submitted for publication.
§
Integrated
macroseismic database including the data from the INGV macroseismic bulletin
for all the events with Imax>V.
§
Preliminary
tomographic inversion using the updated database.
§
Introduction of
the spatial extension of the sources in attenuation computations.
§
Study of the
lateral variations of the intensity in Florence for the earthquakes of 1895
compared with 1D simulations of ground motion.
II Year
§
Database of the
lithological and topographical characteristics of the localities having felt
reports for more than 5 different earthquakes, basing on data used for the new
tomographic inversion.
§
Definitive
tomographic inversion using the updated methods.
§
Comparison of the
lateral variations of the intensity in Florence with measures of soil
amplification.
§
Study of the
lateral variation of intensity for other historical centers.
Category |
I
year(Euro) |
II
year (Euro) |
|
Durable material |
3000 |
|
|
Consumables and other general costs |
2000 |
2000 |
|
Travel and subsistence |
2000 |
2000 |
|
Contracts and/or fellowships |
15000 |
15000 |
|
Meetings and Congresses |
|
|
|
External services |
|
|
|
Publications |
|
3000 |
|
Other costs |
|
|
|
Total |
22000 |
22000 |
Task 5 - STATISTICS OF SEISMIC SOURCES AND CATALOG COMPLETENESS (Responsible: Marzocchi, Collaborators: Albarello, Dal Forno, D'Amico, Faenza, Gasperini, Lolli, Mucciarelli, Sandri, Selva, Vannucci)
Most of the participants to this task had already investigated on these
topics in last years. Among the others we can mention the statistical studies
on the earthquake time occurrence both at long (Boschi et al, 1995, Mulargia
& Gasperini, 1995) and short time-scales (Gasperini and Mulargia, 1989,
Lolli and Gasperini, 2002), the studies on the magnitude distribution
properties (Marzocchi and Sandri, 2002), on the spatial distribution of
earthquakes in Italy (Mulargia et al, 1987), on the statistics of felt
intensity at the site (D'Amico e Albarello, 2002) and on the completeness of
historical catalogs (Albarello et al., 2001).
The aim of this Task is to analyze the available seismological data (seismic catalogs, focal mechanisms, macroseismic fields, etc.) and to design specific experiments to verify the various hypotheses and theories on earthquake occurrence that has been proposed in the literature, as well as the ones that could issue from the research itself. We intend to study the modalities of the earthquake occurrence
i)
in space
(seismogenic model)
ii) in time (statistical occurrence models)
iii) in energy (scaling law)
iv) in ground motion amplitude at site (attenuation law and local effects)
This task will also take advantage of some propaedeutical activities, developed in other Tasks (mainly 1 and 7), concerning the improvement of the seismological database. We request the activation of a two-year research grant for a temporary position attending part-time to these topics. The requested funds also concern expenses for consumable materials, computing (one PC), publication and participation to scientific meetings.
Even for this Task the investigations on the above listed points will proceed mainly in parallel during the two years of the project. The expected products at the end of the biannual program are:
§
Spatial seismic
occurrence model relative to both the historical (long time-scale) and
instrumental (short time-scale) seismicity.
§
Statistical time
occurrence model and its calibration on instrumental data.
§
Verification of
the magnitude scaling law for the instrumental catalog.
§
Verification of
the seismic attenuation law currently in use.
§
Statistical model
for the time series of the intensity felt at the site.
Category |
I
year(Euro) |
II
year (Euro) |
|
Durable material |
3000 |
|
|
Consumables and other general costs |
2000 |
2000 |
|
Travel and subsistence |
4000 |
4000 |
|
Contracts and/or fellowships |
7500 |
7500 |
|
Meetings and Congresses |
|
|
|
External services |
|
|
|
Publications |
|
3000 |
|
Other costs |
|
|
|
Total |
16500 |
16500 |
Task 7, FOCAL MECHANISMS (Responsible: Morelli,
Collaborators: Dal Forno, Gasperini, Lolli, Pondrelli, Vannucci)
As already mentioned in the introductory statement, we intend to continue the already started activities (two papers have been recently submitted and a third one is currently in press) concerning the database of first motion mechanism of the Mediterranean area (Vannucci and Gasperini, 2002; Gasperini and Vannucci, 2002) and the computation of regional CMT solutions (Pondrelli et al., 2002). We also intend to approach further studies, based on the collected data, devoted to the characterization and the numerical modeling of the stress and deformation fields in the Italian area. The proposed activities are:
i) Insertion in the database of further mechanisms coming from other published papers.
ii) Improvements of the database management software, including some new procedures in the MS-ACCESS application like that the plot of the mechanism and the in-line checking of inserted mechanisms.
iii) Availability on the WEB of a reduced version of the first motion solution database.
iv) Computation of new RCMT mechanisms.
v) Analysis of cumulative moment tensor (Kostrov, 1974) and of compatibility of stress directions (Gephart & Forsyth, 1984) for various zones of the Mediterranean area.
The requested funds mainly concern expenses for consumable materials, computing, publication and participation to scientific meetings. The expected products in both years are:
§
Update of the
database of the focal mechanism.
§
Update of the
catalog of regional CMT.
§
Spatial
distribution analysis of the of stress and strain tensors in Italy and
surrounding regions.
Category |
I
year(Euro) |
II
year (Euro) |
|
Durable material |
|
|
|
Consumables and other general costs |
3000 |
3000 |
|
Travel and subsistence |
3000 |
3000 |
|
Contracts and/or fellowships |
|
|
|
Meetings and Congresses |
|
|
|
External services |
2000 |
2000 |
|
Publications |
|
|
|
Other costs |
|
|
|
Total |
8000 |
8000 |
Task 9A, GEODETIC MEASUREMENTS (Responsible Anzidei: Collaborators: Baldi, Casula, Cenni, Del Mese, Galvani, Gandolfi, Giovani, Loddo, Massucci, Pesci, Riguzzi, Serpelloni, Vecchi, Vittuari, Zanutta)
As indicated in the introductory statement, these activities are re-proposed, even if not in full agreement with the suggestion of the referees, as we believe that other investigations on this topic, currently in course within other GNDT projects, do not adequately approach the geodetic assessment of interseismic deformation. The proposed program includes the choice and installation of about 10 GPS semi-permanent sites in central and southern Italy, the execution of 2/3 measurement campaigns at a semi-annual rate as well as the elaboration of the resulting data to compute the time behavior of the strain field.
The costs concern mainly the logistic supplies of semi-permanent sites, the recognition surveys and measurement campaigns, the maintenance of already available GPS receivers and/or the purchase of 1/2 new GPS receivers, besides the expenses for consumable materials, computing, publication and participation to scientific meetings. The expected products are:
I Year
§
Installation of
4-6 new semi-permanent stations.
§
A measurement
campaign covering the newly installed stations.
II Year
§
Installation 4-6
new semi-permanent stations.
§
1/2 measurement
campaign covering the set of newly installed stations.
§
Strain tensors
among the campaigns.
Category |
I
year(Euro) |
II
year (Euro) |
|
Durable material |
40000 |
3000 |
|
Consumables and other general costs |
6000 |
10000 |
|
Travel and subsistence |
5000 |
15000 |
|
Contracts and/or fellowships |
|
|
|
Meetings and Congresses |
|
|
|
External services |
5000 |
10000 |
|
Publications |
|
3000 |
|
Other costs |
|
|
|
Total |
56000 |
41000 |
Task 2, INSTRUMENTAL SEISMIC CATALOG (Responsible
Gasperini, Collaborators: Albarello, DeSimoni, Lolli, Marzocchi, Monachesi,
Sandri, Vannucci)
On this topic we propose the continuation of the investigations,
performed in the ambit of the GNDT Project 1998, that brought to the
formulation of a new procedure to homogeneously re-evaluate the local magnitude
in Italy (Gasperini, 2002) and to the publication of the CSTI catalog (CSTI
Working Group, 2001). We also intend to investigate on the causes of the bias,
observed in the World catalog
(Perez, 1998), on surface wave magnitude Ms calibration, before and
after the installation of the WWSSN network in 1964 and also observed in Italy
from the comparison between instrumental and macroseismic magnitudes. The main
objectives concern:
i) Extension of the local magnitude re-valuation to years before 1981 and after 1996 (not included in CSTI).
ii) Estimate of new magnitude attenuation relations differentiated spatially.
iii) Re-reading of Wood-Anderson seismograms made available by the SISMOS project of INGV.
iv) Study of the temporal variation of the calibration of the seismic stations of the RSNC.
v) Investigation on the procedures and instruments used to compute Ms before the WWSSN.
The funds, beside the current expenses, are requested for a part-time research grant. The expected products are:
§ Magnitude attenuation relations spatially differentiated for the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian areas
§ Re-reading of Wood-Anderson amplitudes for at least 200 earthquakes
§ Magnitude attenuation relations spatially differentiated for more circumscribed areas.
§ Re-valuation of local magnitudes from 1997 to 2002 and from 1976 to 1980.
§ Temporal behavior of station corrections from 1976 to 2002
§ Preliminary revaluation of Ms for the Italian catalog.
Category |
I
year(Euro) |
II
year (Euro) |
|
Durable material |
|
|
|
Consumables and other general costs |
1500 |
1500 |
|
Travel and subsistence |
1000 |
1000 |
|
Contracts and/or fellowships |
7500 |
7500 |
|
Meetings and Congresses |
|
|
|
External services |
|
|
|
Publications |
|
|
|
Other costs |
|
|
|
Total |
10000 |
10000 |
Albarello, D.,
Camassi, R. and Rebez, A., (2001) Detection of space and time heterogeneity in
the completeness of a seismic catalog by a statistical approach: an application
to the Italian area, Bull. Seism.
Soc. Am., 91, 6, 1694-1703
Boschi, E.,
Gasperini, P. and Mulargia, F., (1995), Forecasting where larger crustal
earthquakes are likely to occur in Italy in the near future, Bull. Seism Soc. Am., 85, 1475-1482.
Boschi E., Guidoboni E., Ferrari G., Mariotti D.,
Valensise G. e Gasperini P. (2000), Catalogue of Strong Italian Earthquakes
from 461 B.C. to 1997, Annali di Geofisica, 43, n. 4, and enclosed CDROM.
Boccaletti M., Corti G., Gasperini P., Piccardi L., Vannucci G. e Clemente S. (2001) Active tectonics and seismic zonation of the urban area of Florence, Italy. Pageoph, 158, 2313-2332.
Carletti F.
e Gasperini P. (2002) Lateral variations of macroseismic intensity attenuation
in Italy, (submitted to Geophys. J. Int.)
CPTI Working Group (1999), Catalogo Parametrico
dei terremoti Italiani, Ed. Compositori, Bologna, Italy, 88 pp.
CSTI Working Group (2001), Catalogo Strumentale
dei terremoti italiani dal 1981 al 1996, Versione 1.0, Clueb, Bologna, CD-ROM.
D'Amico, V. and Albarello, D., (2002), Seismic hazard assessment from local macroseismic observation: comparison with a standard approach, .Nat. Haz., In press.
Ferrari, G., Gasperini, P., and Guidoboni, E., (1995), Macroseismic intensity evaluation with the "Fuzzy Sets Logic", Annali di Geofisica, 38, 811-826.
Gasperini P.,
(2001). The attenuation of seismic intensity in Italy: a bilinear shape might
indicates the dominance of deep phases at epicentral distances longer than 45
km, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 91,
826-841.
Gasperini, P. (2002) Local magnitude revaluation for
recent Italian earthquakes (1981-1996). Journal of Seismology, (in press).
Gasperini, P.
and Mulargia, F., (1989), A statistical analysis of seismicity in Italy: the
clustering properties, Bull. Seism.
Soc. Am., 79, 973-988.
Gasperini, P.,
Bernardini, F., Valensise, G. and Boschi, E., (1999), Defining seismogenic
sources from historical earthquake felt reports, Bull. Seism., Soc., Am., 89, 94-110.
Gasperini, P. and Vannucci, G., (2002), FPSPACK: a package of simple
FORTRAN subroutines to manage earthquake focal mechanism data, Computer
Geosciences, (submitted)
Gephart J.W. e Forsyth W.D. (1984) An improved method for determining
the regional stress tensor using eartquake focal mechanism data: application to
the San Fernando eqrthquake sequence. J. Geophys. Res., 89, 9305-9320.
Kostrov V.V. (1974) Seismic moment
and energy of earthquakes and seismic flow of rocks. Izv. Earth Phys, 1, 23-40.
Lolli B. e Gasperini P. (2001) Aftershocks prediction in Italy Part I: Estimation of time-magnitude distribution model parameters and computation of probabilities of occurrence, J. Seismol. (Submitted).
Marzocchi W., and Sandri, L., (2002) Bias in the estimation of the b-value and its uncertainty. Submitted to Geophys. J. Int.
Mulargia, F. and Gasperini, P. (1995) Evaluating the applicability of
the time- and slip-predictable eartquake recurrence models to Italian
seismicity, Geophys J. Int., 120, 453-473.
Perez O. J., Revised world
seismicity catalog (1950-1997) for strong (Ms=6) shallow (h=70 km) earthquakes,
Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 89, 335-341,
1999.
Pondrelli, S., Morelli, A., Ekström, G.,
Mazza, S., Boschi, E. and Dziewonski, A. M., (2002), European- Mediterranean
regional centroid-moment tensors: 1997-2000, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 130, 71-101.
Vannucci, G., and Gasperini, P. (2002), A database of revised fault
plane solutions for Italy and surrounding regions, Computer Geosciences,
(submitted).
Scientific responsible: Prof. Gasperini Paolo
Dipartimento di Fisica
Università di Bologna
Viale Berti Pichat 6/2
40127 Bologna
Tel:0512095024
Fax:0512095058
e-mail:paolo@ibogfs.df.unibo.it
List of researchers belonging to
this research unit
|
Name |
Position |
Affiliation |
Man months
|
|
Albarello Dario |
Associate Professor |
Univ. Siena |
2+2 |
|
Bacchetti Massimo |
Technician |
Univ. Bologna |
1+1 |
|
Baldi Paolo |
Full Professor |
Univ. Bologna |
1+1 |
|
Bernardini Filippo |
Researcher |
INGV Bologna |
3+3 |
|
Camassi Romano |
Researcher |
INGV Bologna |
2+2 |
|
Carletti Francesca |
PHD Student |
Univ. Bologna |
4+4 |
|
Castelli Viviana |
Researcher |
INGV Macerata |
1+1 |
|
Casula Giuseppe |
Researcher |
INGV Bologna |
1+1 |
|
Cenni Nicola |
Research grant holder |
Univ. Bologna |
2+2 |
|
Dal Forno Giulio |
PHD Student |
Univ. Bologna |
2+2 |
|
D'Amico Vera |
Research grant holder |
Univ. Siena |
2+2 |
|
De Simoni Bruno |
Researcher |
INGV Roma |
1+1 |
|
Ercolani Emanuela |
Researcher |
INGV Bologna |
3+3 |
|
Faenza Licia |
PHD Student |
Univ. Bologna |
2+2 |
|
Gandolfi Stefano |
Research grant holder |
INGV Bologna |
1+1 |
|
Gasperini Paolo |
Associate Professor |
Univ. Bologna |
6+6 |
|
Guidi Cristiano |
Technician |
Univ. Bologna |
1+1 |
|
Loddo Fabiana |
Research grant holder |
INGV Bologna |
3+3 |
|
Lolli Barbara |
PHD Student |
Univ. Bologna |
6+6 |
|
Marzocchi Warner |
Associate Professor |
INGV Bologna |
4+4 |
|
Monachesi Giancarlo |
Researcher |
INGV Macerata |
1+1 |
|
Morelli Andrea |
Researcher |
INGV Roma |
1+1 |
|
Mucciarelli Marco |
Associate Professor |
Univ. Basilicata |
1+1 |
|
Pesci Arianna |
Researcher |
INGV Bologna |
2+2 |
|
Pondrelli Silvia |
Researcher |
INGV Bologna |
2+2 |
|
Selva Jacopo |
PHD Student |
PHD Student |
3+3 |
|
Serpelloni Enrico |
Researcher |
INGV Bologna |
2+2 |
|
Vannucci Gianfranco |
Research grant holder |
Univ. Bologna |
4+4 |
|
Vittuari Luca |
Technician |
Univ. Bologna |
1+1 |
|
Zanutta Antonio |
Researcher |
Univ. Bologna |
1+1 |
|
SGA Personnel |
|
|
7+7 |
|
32+SGA |
|
|
73+73 |
Research Unit INGV
Scientific responsible: Dr. Marco Anzidei
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
Via di Vigna Murata, 605
00161 Roma
Tel: 0651860266
Fax: 065041214
email:anzidei@ingv.it
List of researchers belonging to
this research unit
|
Name |
Position |
Affiliation |
Man Months |
|
Anzidei Marco |
Researcher |
INGV Roma |
3+3 |
|
Del Mese Sergio |
Technician |
INGV Roma |
2+2 |
|
Galvani Alessandro |
Researcher |
INGV Roma |
2+2 |
|
Giovani Luciano |
Technician |
INGV Roma |
2+2 |
|
Massucci Angelo |
Technician |
INGV Roma |
2+2 |
|
Riguzzi Federica |
Researcher |
INGV Roma |
1+1 |
|
Vecchi Maurizio |
Technician |
INGV Roma |
2+2 |
|
7 |
|
|
14+14 |
Tasks |
I
year(Euro) |
II
year (Euro) |
Priority 1 |
||
|
1, HISTORICAL SEISMIC CATALOG |
30000 |
30000 |
|
6C, INTENSITY TOMOGRAPHY AND SITE EFFECTS |
22000 |
22000 |
|
5, STATISTICS OF SEISMIC SOURCES AND CATALOG COMPLETENESS |
16500 |
16500 |
|
7, FOCAL MECHANISMS |
8000 |
8000 |
|
Total |
76500 |
76500 |
Priority 2 |
||
|
9A, GEODETIC MEASUREMENTS (Research Unit INGV) |
56000 |
41000 |
Priority 3 |
||
|
2, INSTRUMENTAL SEISMIC CATALOG |
10000 |
10000 |
|
Full Total |
142500 |
127500 |